Grammar is the arts of putting the right words in the right place.
Eight Parts of Speech = ဝါစဂၤ႐ွစ္မ်ိဳး။
1. Noun = နာမ္
2. Pronoun = နာမ္စား
3. Adjective = နာမဝိေသသန
4. Preposition = ဝိဘတ္
5. Verb = ၾကိယာ
6. Adverb = ၾကိယာဝိေသသန
7. Conjunction = သမၺႏၶ( စကားဆက္)
8. Interjection = အာေမဍိတ္။ အံ႔ၾသစကား။
1. What is noun?
Noun is name of things, people, places, animals, plants, activities, concepts, grace, beauty, etc.
ကမၻာေပၚရွိ သက္ရွိ၊ သက္မဲ႔ အမည္ဟူသမွ်ကို (noun) နာမ္ဟုေခၚသည္။
1. Boy water 2. Girl pencil 3. Dog man 4. Cat woman 5. Computer school
6. Bird monastery 7. Earth Mg mg 8. Sun Ma Tin Shwe
2. What is pronoun?
Pronoun is a noun substitute, take place instead of noun. Words that stand instead of nouns are called Pronouns.
Noun အစား ရပ္တည္ေသာ ပုဒ္ကို (Pronoun) နာမ္စား ဟုေခၚသည္။
ဥပမာ = Su Su is a teacher. She lives in USA.
အဓိက နာမ္ စားမ်ား
သည္/က ကို/အား ၏ ၏ဟာ ကိုယ္တိုင္
1. I me my mine myself ကြ်ႏွူ္ပ္/ကၽြန္ေတာ္
2. We us our ours ourselves ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔
3. You you your yours yourself သင္/မင္း
4. You you your yours yourselves သင္တို႔
5. He him his his himself သူ
6. She her her hers herself သူမ
7. They them their theirs themselves သူ/သူမတို႔
8. It it its its itself ၄င္းတို႔။
9. Who, what, which, that, whose, whom.
3. What is Adjective?
Words that show the quality, quantity and number of nouns are called Adjective.
နာမ္ကို အထူးျပဳေသာပုဒ္ကို( Adjective) နာမဝိေသသန ဟုေခၚသည္။
ဥပမာ = beautiful girl / Small cat
1. Good clean 2. Bad dirty 3. Glad healthy 4. Sad ill 5. Happy beautiful
6. Sorry ugly 7. Angry clever 8. Patient foolish 9. Thin wild 10. Fat tame
11. We honest 12. Dry wicked 13. Hot many 14. Cold much 15. Warm little
16. Cool few 17. Big dark 18. Small light 19. Old white 20. You black
21. Rich soft 22. Poor hard
4. What is preposition?
Preposition is a relative or function word. Preposition is a word used with a noun or pronoun to show place, time, or method. They put before noun or noun phrase.
Noun ႏွင္႔ noun phrase မ်ာ၏ေရွ႕တြင္ထား၍ သံုးေသာပုဒ္မ်ားကို (preposition) ဝိဘတ္ဟုေခၚသည္။
1. At beyond 2. On with 3. In without 4. Under within 5. Above on behalf of
6. Beside away 7. Behind out of 8. Before together 9. In front of under which
10. After between 11. Inside among 12. Of from 13. To by 14. Around outside
15. Over besides 16. Near according to 17. During till 18. Into until
19. Onto from under 20. Across along 21. Through because of 22. Against beneath
5. What is verb?
Verb is doing word which shows the action of the subject.
Verb (or) predicate is the most important words in the language or sentence; in fact, you cannot make a sentence without Verb. Verb is used to say what people do, speak, action; they express in action.
Five kinds of verb
1. Verb to be ရွိျဖစ္ၾကိယာ
2. Verb to do ျပဳလုပ္ၾကိယာ
3. Verb to have မွာရွိၾကိယာ
4. Adjective verb adjective တြဲၾကိယာ
5. Helping verb အကူၾကိယာ
Some of verbs
1. Go went gone going
2. Begin began begun beginning
3. Come came come coming
4. Bring brought brought bringing
5. Put put put putting
6. Set set set setting
7. Bite bit bitten biting
8. Forget forgot forgotten f orgetting
6. What is Adverb?
The words that go with verbs are called Adverb. An adverb goes with a verb to tell how, when, why, or where an action takes place, (manner, time, reason and place).
1. Quickly 2. Slowly 3. Loudly 4. Noisily 5. Sadly
6. Rapidly 7. Eagerly 8. Bravely 9. Carefully 10. Happily
11. Thoroughly 12. Fluently 13. Deeply 14. Honestly 15. Clearly
16. Heartily 17. Firmly 18. Absolutely 19. Immediately 20. Beautifully
21. Weakly 22. Well 23. Fast 4. Late 25. Her
7. What is conjunction?
Conjunctions are words that join together words, phrases or sentences.
They are like the links that join together railway wagons. So conjunction is a word used to connect words or clauses.
1. After still
2. Although however
3. And both… and
4. As as well as
5. Because and…also
6. Before not only…but also
7. But either…or
8. For neither…nor
9. In order that otherwise
10. If nevertheless
11. Like therefore
12. Now not because…but because
13. Once as much as
14. So provided that
15. So that on condition that
16. Or in order that
17. Than as if
18. That as though
19. Though even
20. Till even if
21. Unless since
22. Until as long as
23. When that may
24. Whether so( Adj/Adv) that
25. While lest
8. What is Interjection?
Interjection is to say something suddenly as an interruption.
႐ုတ္တရက္၊ အထိတ္ တလွန္႔ ျဖစ္ေပၚလာေသာခံစားမွဳမ်ားကိုေဖၚျပေသာ စကားစုမ်ားကို၊(interjection) အာေမဍိတ္စကားဟုေခၚသည္။
1. Oh my god! အမေလးဘုရားေရ။
2. Oh dear! အို႔..ဒုကၡ။
3. Thank God!! ေတာ္ေသးတာေပါ႔။
4. Bravo! ခ်ီးက်ဴးသံ။
5. Hell! ေဟး။
6. What a pretty girl! ဟား…လွလိုက္တဲ႔ေကာင္မေလး။
7. How dirty! ညစ္ပတ္လိုက္တာလြန္ေရာ။
8. What a good idea! သိပ္ေကာင္းတဲ႔ၾကံပဲေဟ႔။
9. Oh mother! အေမေလး…။
10. Ouch! အား.။
11. Hey! ေဟ႔။
12. Alas! အလိုေလး။
Verb to be = ရွိ / ျဖစ္ၾကိယာ
1. Am = ရွိသည္။ ျဖစ္သည္။
2. Is
3. Are
4. Was
5. Were
6. Be
7. Being
8. been
9. Shall be
10. Should be
11. Will be
12. Would be
13. Can be
14. Could be
15. May be
16. Might be
17. Must be
18. Ought to be
19. Used to be
1. Am able to be = ျဖစ္ႏိုင္သည္။
2. Is able to be 3. Was able to be 4. Were able to be 5. Shall be able to be
6. Will be able to be
1. Am about to be = ျဖစ္ေတာ႔မလို႔
2. Is about to be 3. Was about to be 4. Were about to be
1. Am going to be = ျဖစ္လိမ္႔မည္။
2. Is going to be 3. Are going to be 4. Was going to be 5. Were going to be
1. Has to be = ျဖစ္ရသည္။ျဖစ္ရမည္။
2. Have to be 3. Had to be 4. Had to be 5. Shall have to be 6. Will have to be
1. Wants to be = ျဖစ္ခ်င္သည္။
2. Want to be 3. Wanted to be 4. Wanted to be 5. Shall want to be 6. Will want to be
1. Wants (ကို) to be ျဖစ္ေစခ်င္သည္။
2. Wants(ကို) to be 3. Wanted (ကို) to be 4. Wanted (ကို) to be 5. Shall want (ကို) to be
6. Will want (ကို) to be
1. Seem to be = ျဖစ္ပံုေပၚသည္။
2. Seem to be 3. Seemed to be 4. Seemed to be
Verb to have = မွာရွိၾကိယာ
1. Has = မွာရွိသည္။
2. Have
3. Had
4. Shall have
5. Will have
6. Should have
7. Would have
8. May have
9. Might have
10. Can have
11. Could have
12. Must have
13. Should have
14. Ought have
15. Used to have
16. Is able to have = မွာရွိႏိုင္သည္။
17. Are able to have
18. Was able to have
19. Were able to have
20. Shall be able to have
21. Will be able to have
1. Is going to have = မွာရွိလိမ္႔မည္။
2. Are going to have 3. Was going to have 4. Were going to have
1. Has to have = မွာရွိရသည္။
2. Have to have 3. Had to have 4. Had to have 5. Shall have to have 6. Will have to have
1. Wants to have = မွာရွိခ်င္သည္။
2. Want to have 3. Wanted to have 4. Wanted to have 5. Shall want to have
6. Will want to have
1. Wants (မွာ) to have = ေစခ်င္သည္။
2. Want (မွာ) to have 3. Wanted (မွာ) to have 4. Wanted (မွာ) to have
5. Shall want (မွာ) to have 6. Will want (မွာ) to have
1. Seems to have = မွာရွိပံုေပၚသည္။
2. Seem to have 3. Seemed to have 4. Seemed to have
Verb to do = ျပဳလုပ္ၾကိယာ
1. Learns = သင္ယူသည္။
2. Learn 3. Learnt 4. Learnt 5. Shall learn 6. Will learn 7. Should learn
8. Would learn 9. May learn 10. Might learn 11. Can learn 12. Could learn
13. Must learn 14. Should learn 15. Ought to learn 16. Used to learn
1. Am able to learn 2. Is able to learn 3. Are able to learn 4. Was able to learn
5. Were able to learn 6. Shall able to learn 7. Will able to learn
1. Am about to learn 2. Is about to learn 3. Are about to learn 4. Was about to learn
5. Were about to learn
1. Am going to learn 2. Is going to earn 3. Are going to learn 4. Was going to learn
5. Were going to learn
1. Am to learn 2. Is to learn 3. Are to learn 4. Was to learn 5. Were to learn
1. Has to learn 2. Have to learn 3. Had to learn 4. Had to learn 5. Shall have to learn
6. Will have to learn
1. Wants to learn 2. Want to learn 3. Wanted to learn 4. Wanted to learn
5. Shall want to learn 6. Will want to learn
1. Wants (ကို) to learn 2. Want (ကို) to learn 3. Wanted (ကို) to learn
4. Wanted (ကို) to learn 5. Shall want (ကို) to learn 6. Will want (ကို) to learn
1. Makes (ကို) learn 2. Make (ကို) learn 3. Made (ကို) learn 4. Shall make (ကို) learn
5. Will make (ကို) learn
1. Lets (ကို) learn 2. Let (ကို) learn 3. Let (ကို) learn
4. Let (ကို) learn 5. Shall let (ကို) learn 6. Will let (ကို) learn
1. Seems to learn 2. Seem to learn 3. Seemed to learn 4. Seemed to learn
1. Dares to learn = သင္ဝံ႔သည္။ သင္ရဲသည္။
2. Dare to learn 3. Dared to learn 4. Dared to learn 5. Shall dare to learn
6. Will dare to learn
1. Needs to learn = သင္ဘို႔လိုသည္။
2. Need to learn 3. Needed to learn 4. Needed to learn 5. Shall need to learn
6. Will need to learn
Adjective verb = နာမဝိေသသန ၾကိယာ
1. Is happy 2. Are happy 3. Was happy 4. Were happy 5. Shall be happy
6. Will be happy 7. Should be happy 8. Would be happy 9. May be happy
10. Might be happy 11. Can be happy 12. Could be happy 13. Should be happy
14. Ought to be happy 15. Used to be happy
1. Am able to happy 2. Is able to happy 3. Was able to happy 4. Were able to happy
5. Shall be able to happy 6. Will be able to happy
1. Am is going to be happy 2. Are going to be happy 3. Was going to be happy
4. Were going to be happy
1. Wants to be happy 2. Want to be happy 3. Wanted to be happy
4. Wanted to be happy 5. Shall want to be happy 6. Will want to be happy
1. Wants (ကို) to be happy 2. Want (ကို) to be happy 3. Wanted (ကို) to be happy
4. Wanted (ကို) to be happy 5. Shall want ( ကို) to be happy 6. Will want (ကို) to be happy
1. Makes (ကို) happy 2. Make (ကို) happy 3. Made (ကို) happy
4. Made (ကို) happy 5. Shall make (ကို) happy 6. Will make (ကို) happy
1. Seems happy 2. Seem happy 3. Seemed happy 4. Seemed happy
Daw Nilarkyaing B.A.History. Hons:Dip.in.Eng
Ref: ၾကယ္စင္ကေလး (ေရနံ႔သာ)
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